How to Steal a Million Dollars

Extortion Examination Unit 9 6/2/12 How to take a million dollars Mr. Seneca Stunton was a bookkeeper agent for an organization called Carlton Chemical. Seneca had no conventional instruction for bookkeeping. His experience was for a littler organization which he exceled at accounting. He acknowledged the activity with Carlton Chemical and he was on the track to exceed expectations and have an extraordinary profession. His director was simply in Seneca’s position, so Seneca was entirely glad to see that there were progression openings inside the organization. Seneca moved toward his activity with duty and enthusiasm.He was hitched and with his significant other and his own children they had a sum of seven kids. Seneca’s obligations were records of sales assortments, posting installments, goals of client care asks and upkeep of the records receivable records. Patrick Dawley was the proprietor; he began the business once again thirty years prior. Carlton Chemical offers s ynthetic compounds to huge and private venture and they use it for crude material. The organization was developing, Patrick looked on what truly drove deals was the means by which compelling the activity is, such as maintaining precise control taking, charging and assortments, ideal conveyances and incredible client service.Patrick was seen as a difficult solver. There was not an issue unreasonably little for him to make sense of. He had the capacity to take a gander at the issue and see the arrangement. Patrick was the one in particular who truly had charges to the cash, all exchanges needed to go to him to favor. Consistently he held point by point gatherings about the cash and unpaid bills. He investigated the announcements all the time. There was not so much an excess of that got passed him so when he discovered the ARs was not right and there was progressively remarkable bills then he thought there was truly amazed him.Seneca was taking one person’s bigger installments a nd was putting it to different customer’s exceptional bills. He was doing this for over a lot of time. Which made a colossal avalanche of issues for the organization, and when all the reviews was said and done there was around 2,000,000 dollars missing. This examination took quite a while and they couldn't discover where the cash went. They explored Seneca’s way of life and he didn't over spend or live outside his compensation, and all that they could do pointed that there was no cash taken. So they were puzzled where the cash went.There was anyway wrong limits given to the clients. There were a few grumblings about this from the clients, however the organization didn't catch up on it. Carlton Chemical recovered a tad bit of the cash from clients that were eager to take care of a portion of their tabs, and from the protection that the organization has. After this they were as yet one million dollars down. This was an extraordinary issue that the organization confronted . The greatest thing that permitted Seneca to do this was the absence of management. Patrick took a gander at all the explanations that where included legitimately with the money.He didn't think to monitor the remarkable installments since that couldn't permit somebody to straightforwardly take from the organization. Indeed, even thou Seneca had no control nor did he contact cash he despite everything was accountable for the bills. He didn't take from the organization straightforwardly however he used different installments to pay the past due. Which at that point made the principal installments to be late thus it was an immense snowball impact. In a matter of moments at all there were such a significant number of past due bills. I figure Seneca did this since he just didn't care for tending to the clients about their bills. So he thought of this thought.

Beowulf And King Arthur Essay Example For Students

Beowulf And King Arthur Essay Various tales about various saints have been told and afterward retold. All ofthese legends do various things and every one of them have an alternate set ofqualities which make them saints. Because of the way that there are just so manyheroic experiences and characteristics, most are partaken to some extent with in any event one otherhero. Such is the situation between the extraordinary saint, Beowulf, from the epic poemBeowulf and King Arthur from the account of Morte dArthur. These extraordinary heroeshave solid similitudes and a lot of contrasts. When theirsimilarities have been thought about and afterward excused it is clear that Beowulf isthe more prominent legend of the two. Genuine legends do beneficial things for good individuals. Such isthe case in Beowulf, Beowulf leaves his country to help the Danish individuals ridthemselves of the human eating beast, Grendel. This gallant quality is alsoevident in Morte dArthur, as Arthur intentionally rides into a fight all together tor id his kin of an abhorrent knight who might not permit others to pass. Both heroesare showing their anxiety for others by gambling themselves fighting for thegreater great. In a similar viewpoint they are likewise taking a stab at adoration and respectfrom the individuals they secure. So as to get greatest regard per battle,both Beowulf and Arthur go into fight to some degree alone. Beowulf specificallyasks, That , alone and with the assistance of men,/May cleanse all evilfrom corridor (Beowulf, line 165-166). His solicitation is allowed by Hrothgar,King of the Danes, so he and his man go into the fight themselves and whenGrendel is crushed, the wonder, love and regard have a place exclusively with Beowulf andhis men. Arthur does likewise, he met with his man and his pony, and somounted up and dressed his shield and took his lance, and bade his chamberlaintarry there till he came back once more (Morte dArthur passage 20). AlthoughArthur starts his excursion alone he meets up with Me rlin, the court magicianand reliable partner, who goes with him. Much like Beowulf, Arthur gainsgreat regard and acclaim from all men of love by battling alone, even thoughit isn't really the most brilliant activity. The quality of beingfearless when confronted with death is regularly an attribute of legends since it isassociated with fortitude and quality. Lord Arthur and Beowulf are not apprehensive todie, in this way demonstrating their fearlessness to their enemies and companions. At the point when Arthur isfaced with death he announces, welcome be it when it cometh, yet to yield meunto thee as I had liefer kick the bucket than to be so disgraced. (MortedArthur, section 34). Basically put he would prefer to pass on than admit to defeatand being fearful. Beowulf feels similarly about death. He illustratesthis by demonstrating no dread for his own life yet rather communicating worry for thehonor of King Higlac by asking that, if passing takes , send thehammered/Mail of covering to Higlac (Beowulf, line 186-187). In sendinghis King his defensive layer it commits once again himself to his nation and lets his King bereminded of his boldness each time he views it. That is the degree to whichBeowulf and King Arthur are comparative. Beowulf has far more trust in hisfighting capacity then Arthur has in his. This is apparent in the reality thatBeowulf battles Grendel unarmed, he says my hands/Alone will battle for me,struggle forever (Beowulf, line 172-173). His thinking behind this is thatGrendels, disdain of men/Is extraordinary to the point that he needs no weapons and fearsnone/Nor will (Beowulf, line 167-169). By confronting Grendel unarmedto shows that he is courageous and all the more critically unafraid to be equivalent to Grendel. .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 , .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 .postImageUrl , .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 , .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5:hover , .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5:visited , .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5:active { border:0!important; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5:active , .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5:hover { haziness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u3d51 457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u3d51457eb200171686d9e3b8639a55c5:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Frees - Fear in Cuckoo's Nest and The Scarle Essay Since Grendel is going to battle without the utilization of weapons, Beowulf createsequality and subsequently more regard upon himself by doing likewise. Were as themuch less certain Arthur battles just with weapons and once his injuries wereamended his originally thought was, I have no blade (Morte dArthur,paragraph 41) trailed by the errand of discovering him a sword. This demonstratesArthurs shortcoming in his reliance of weapons and hence Beowulfs greatnessin correlation. Beowulf is in fact the more prominent saint as the assistance he got fromhis men was pointless, not by flaw of his men however by the basic truth that Grendel,had entranced all mens weapons, laid spells/That blunted each mortalmans edge (Beowulf, line 322-323). Since Beowulfs men could give himno help due to Grendels spell, he needed to crush the beast without anyone else withhis bear hands. Arthur then again lost his fight. First Arthur lost ajousting match at that point lost on the ground when the knight destr oyed King Arthurssword in two pieces (Morte dArthur, passage 32). Merlin needed to come tohis salvage now and by utilizing his enchantment he put the knight to bed for aperiod of three hours. So to recap Beowulf crushed a beast with no guide fromhis mates and Arthur couldn't overcome a knight, he rather he had torely on the guide of enchantment from Merlin. Indeed, even idea both King Arthur and Beowulfare extraordinary saints, Beowulf rises as the more noteworthy of the two. He does thisthrough his fruitful accomplishments just, not through his brave characteristics. For whencomparing the brave characteristics of Arthur and Beowulf they come up entirely even. Both show an incredible love for others as the two of them attempt to do beneficial things forcommendable individuals. Their disparities in bravery may be because of the reality thatArthur is a youthful legend in contrast with Beowulf who is an accomplished saint. Whichever way they, as most legends, have similitudes and contrasts, this makesthem what their identity is, honorable and critical dream characters.

Five Fantastic Books in Bloomsburys Musical 33 ? Series

Five Fantastic Books in Bloomsburys Musical 33 ? Series What at first seems like another book series designed for impulse purchase, Bloomsbury’s 33? is a surprisingly broad collection based on a simple premise: writers, musicians, and musicologists write a short book about an album they love. The series began in 2003 under the now-defunct Continuum Press and has racked up one hundred and thirty eight entries in the series and its spinoff 33? Global. While the obvious entry for cracking into the series is buy the book about the album I like, this list is curated with the more surprising entries into the series, when the writers pushed the premise to its editorial limits. Example: I hold Guns n Roses and their racist, garbage noise rock in incredibly low regard, but Eric Weisbard’s history of Use Your Illusion I and II is a remarkable cultural history that explains why Axl Rose is such a loser without ever treating its subject with contempt. The slim volumes are fun, digestible, and written with an intelligent enthusiasm that only these highly educated überfans could muster. These are the five best entries: No. 120 Angelo Badalamenti Soundtrack From Twin Peaks by Clare Nina Morelli There are only two soundtracks in the entire series, the first being Koji Kondo’s Super Mario Brothers, a brilliant introduction to video game music and composition, and the other  The Twin Peaks Soundtrack. Clare Nina Morelli sets up the history of collaboration between David Lynch, Julee Cruise, and Angelo Badalamenti, and their atypical composition process (where David Lynch yells moods at Angelo, who improvises until they find a theme that fits) but then devotes the second half of the book to musical analysis of the four major melodies in the series. She breaks apart the title track, Falling, and how each of its harmonic ideas reshape and bend themselves to form every scene and mood in Lynch’s imagination. The clinical treatment of Badalamenti’s leitmotifs is tempered with Morelli’s academic affection for film and television scoring and her own loving history with the series and soundtrack. No. 32 Sly and the Family Stone’s There’s A Riot Going On by Miles Marshall Lewis You should pick this up just to read Miles Marshall Lewis, a writer who has that passionate understanding of real-life characters that most journalists spend entire careers cultivating. Where many essayists would conclude 70s fables with cynicism, he extracts the surprising and strangely touching. His entry into the 33? series is an empathetic critical examination of Sly Stone’s masterwork. Sly’s own history is insane, even by the 1970s David-Bowie-Living-On-A-Diet-Of-Cocaine-and-Milk standards. There’s A Riot Going On was a concentration of America’s political turmoil distilled into one of the best albums of that era, and we are so damn lucky to have Miles Marshall Lewis unpack it for us. No. 56 Black Sabbath’s Master of Reality by John Darnielle One of the few fictions in the the 33? series, the 56th is the story of an institutionalized teenager told through prescribed diary entries. The language is richly melodramatic in a way that only a teenager (or in Darnielle’s case,  an eternal teenager) could write. While the entries are desperate and tragic, they convey that universal sensation all adolescents hold at one point: how, at your most sensitive and impressionable age, music becomes one of the few outlets for expressing your personhood. Darnielle understands everyone had that one album that kept your fragile adolescent body together. Then he asked: what if you took that away from someone? No. 47 A Tribe Called Quest’s People’s Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm by Shawn Taylor Taylor roots himself into the album, the biography of his teenage self as a parallel story to A Tribe Called Quest’s debut. While this does have the highs and lows of a teenage self-awakening, it’s also funny as hell. Taylor’s anecdotes are entertaining enough to read aloud to friends. If you finish it in one sitting, you’ll be left with sore ribs and a nuanced appreciation of one of Hip Hop’s defining albums. Global No. 3 Supercell’s Supercell Featuring Hatsune Miku by Keisuke Yamada Hatsune Miku has a repertoire of over 100,000 original songs. She speaks English, Japanese, and Chinese and has been touring internationally since 2009. She is eleven years old. Hatsune Miku is a software vocaloid voicebank available for purchase online. Her collaboration with the J-Pop band Supercell is one of the most definitive albums of the Desktop Music wave of the mid 2000s. Yamada’s breezy history is a perfect introduction to a music scene that is deep, communal, and batshit crazy.

The Growth Of American Individuality - 1721 Words

The Growth of American Individuality in Relation to Self-Expression Religion is an imperfect savior. Primitive civilizations depended on religion to explain the workings of the world; they depended on gods to protect their crops and homes from disease, drought, and other disasters far out of human control. While this dependency provided comfort, it sacrificed individuality. Recent years has seen the rise of alternative forms of media: novels, digital music, movies. These were not available to previous civilizations. Early Americans only had access to the Bible, which was unreadable to the average illiterate. Newer forms of media have spurned a nation-wide reflection on the old traditions that were largely set by religion. Ever since the founding of the colonies, and ever since more diverse forms of self-expression have become more accessible, Americans have grown in individuality as they have become less dependent on religion. The Puritans were the first of the Europeans to settle in the Americas. While their traditions have left a profound mark on American culture, their strict ways are rather peculiar. In The Crucible, Arthur Miller critiques Puritan society as close-minded and obsessed about maintaining conformity. â€Å"The parochial snobbery of these people was partly responsible for their failure to convert the Indians. Probably they also preferred to take land from heathens rather than from fellow Christians† (140). The Puritans revolved their culture around religion,Show MoreRelated The Problems of Individuallity and Conformity Within a Society1688 Words   |  7 Pageswhere people come to be free from persecution and express their thoughts and opinions. This founding principle led American society to pull away from conformity and pushes for individuality. Many family TV shows and several media outlets propagate individuality as a source of pride and evidence of personal growth. 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In the case of Edna Pontellier, it is society that holds her growth in check beca use it frowns upon women who are not subservient to their husband. In every novel, a close companion helps the leading ladies on their way to independence. In â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† it is a female character, Mrs. Bertha Flowers, helps promote the shy Maya’s individuality. It is a similar case in â€Å"The Awakening†, in which anotherRead MoreAnalysis Of `` On Self Respect `` By Joan Didion1077 Words   |  5 Pagesof self-respect and the honesty we have for ourselves. Richard Rodriguez, in his essay â€Å" Aria- A Memoir of A Bilingual Childhood†, also explores the relationship between individual and public. However, the lost of private individuality may,in some way, be the growth of a bilingual child. â€Å"Spanish seemed to me the language of home. It became the language of joyful return.† As a young child, Rodriguez found safety and comfort in his Spanish-speaking family which provided him with love and securityRead MoreErikson s Theory Of Lifespan1471 Words   |  6 Pagesdemonstrated through certainty about sex roles, an active interest in the opposite sex, while unsuccessful resolution is represented in doubts of identity and lack of confidence (Erikson handout, 2017.) However, not everyone fits into a â€Å"mainstream† individuality, neglecting them from inclusion in the theory at this stage. For these individuals, it may cause conflict within the stage and a different representation in their lifespan. Women, for example, would have a different development at this stage thanRead MoreThe Current Value Of America1431 Words   |  6 PagesThe current value that America holds on to the closest is individualism. 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Crically Evaluate the Claim That Infants Have an Innate...

Critically evaluate the claim that infants have an innate knowledge of object properties. Use evidence to support your arguments. Object properties have been systematically associated with the Piagetian approach of cognitive development and in particular the sensorimotor period. Until the 1970’s, Piaget’s influential stance that knowledge of object properties is only learned from around nine months old had not been questioned. However, due to more contemporary studies there have been claims that not only do younger infants exhibit behaviours suggesting that Piaget’s assumptions may underestimate cognitive abilities but some studies have controversially suggested that newborns have shown to have a certain amount of innate knowledge. This†¦show more content†¦Interestingly though, some researchers do not halt at the suggestion that Piaget underestimated younger infants cognitive abilities, but instead refute Piaget’s assumption that ‘humans do not start out as cognitive beings’ (Berk, 2009) and in fact have some innate cognitive abilities. There have been suggesti ons that knowledge of object properties depends on visual information relating to perceptual abilities of the infant, addressed in a study by Valenza, Zulian and Leo (2005). They tested infants’ ability to recognise a correspondence between one version of a simple shape with another. Results showed infants recognised a correspondence more between a partly occluded shape and a non occluded shape than a non occluded shape and an unoccluded shape with a gap, implying that there may be some innate ability. The importance of the simplicity of the shapes used in Valenza et al’s study (2005) had been addressed by other researchers such as Kellman and Spelke (1983) who stated that the type of visual information used by younger infants differs from the visual information used by older children, therefore implying that there may be different thresholds of information needed for

The metaphorical language Free Essays

The metaphorical language is not unusual in the English language. It is used variedly and very often not just as a form of speech. Metaphors are a form of thought with its distinct epistemological functions. We will write a custom essay sample on The metaphorical language or any similar topic only for you Order Now A metaphor is a direct comparison between two or more seemingly unrelated subjects. It is a description of the first subject as being or equal to the second subject in a way. The implicit and explicit attributes of the second subjects are used to enhance the second subject’s description. This form is usually used in literature to convey expressions or associations to correlate context. Used in rhetoric, metaphors are direct equation of terms that is more assertive than just simple analogy of subjects. It provides foundation for thinking, reasoning and understanding of our culture.(2006) Metaphor is greatly used in comprising ordinary concepts, motivating semantic change and meaning of linguistic expressions and in a way influencing people to make sense of the true meanings of words. Ordinary concepts are explained through mentioning their similarities and differences against one another. Semantic change can be brought forth by metaphors used properly and metaphors used greatly enhance how meanings are given to words and concepts.   Using metaphors allows writers and people in general to convey ideas that are creatively put in a way and that is easier to understand that just using the literal language. Metaphors are directly stated and can help capture the true essence between two subjects’ distinctiveness. Metaphors not only perform its functions in literary writing, it also has social functions. The use of metaphors reinforces the connection between speaker and listeners. We realize that the popularity of the use of metaphors is due to the fact that people use and understand them. There is an instant connection between speakers and listeners if a metaphorical expression is used because most metaphors are commonly used.   Metaphors are often used by philosophers like Plato in their arguments and speeches to convey ideas and expressions. Metaphors help them explains these concepts more to their listeners, even at time enhance the meanings in the concepts they use. It also gives other people the individual approach and beliefs of each one of us. Metaphors are consistently used in political reasoning and justification of foreign policies. Given the said quotation by Richard Gibbs in 1994, we will evaluate the use of metaphors in politics. How metaphors are used, what metaphors are used, and what are the meanings and implications of these metaphors. This exploration of the usage of metaphors will help us understand why metaphors are great influence in our lives. They are not only used as a language and as words to express, but also have meaning which holds significant importance to each of us. Often times, metaphors are used because it is better and easier to understand them than the literal form of language used. This happens when people realize the association between the concepts. This strengthens how the words and concepts are used by people. In recent political language, metaphors are clearly seen used frequently by people. An election campaign, for example, is referred to as a war or race of candidate vying for a certain position in the government. Other metaphors used in politics constantly change with time and location, and several meaning can be diverse due to certain persons’ understanding of the concrete metaphor. An example of metaphors used in government language is nanny politics. This is referred to as laws and bills characterize as a protection for the masses against bad entrepreneurs according to critics. Consumer protection laws are coined as mommy politics, laws that outlaws anything that is dangerous for anyone no matter where they are. These understanding are criticisms often addressed in metaphors. (2006) Metaphors according to Gibbs are also the link used between a concept and the bodily experience.(Miyakoshi 2006) The difference between embodied metaphor and abstraction from experience is distinguishable from the rise of metaphors from reality. The concepts are from the experiences of the individual; in this case, metaphors of politics are derived from observations of the people regarding how the reality in politics works. In a study conducted by Vervaeke and Kennedy in 1996 draws their analysis on several metaphors with regards to a study also done by Lakoff and Johnson in 1980. They both presented a broad range of interpretations of the metaphors used not only in politics but also other areas as well. In political context, for example, the statement â€Å"argument is war† can be interpreted in various ways. The researchers concluded that whenever the words â€Å"maneuver†, â€Å"strategy† or â€Å"defend† are used, any of which are used as metaphors for the other words as well. The intentions of these metaphors are to express the underlying concepts of either a war, athletic competition or a game.(Ritchie 2004) The history regarding depicting metaphors as important speech forms in society had been part of Lakoff and Johnson researches done in 1980. The study regarding metaphors had concluded a lot of observations that Richard Gibbs agrees to as well. War and race is very much used in the metaphors used in politics. The metaphors used in politics are greatly seen as correlated with observations regarding how the political system works. This enables people to derive their interpretation of the metaphors. Evaluating the quote regarding politics using metaphors used in war and sports is due to the observations of people on politics being confrontations. It may also be because people see politics like events seen in war and in sports. In sports, people compete, challenge one another, win and lose. This is also seen in politics. This presents a strong relationship between the two subjects and entities to be compared to one another. In war, there is also the fact of losing and winning a war, the defeat and the triumph is also experienced in politics. There are many contributing factors as to why these three subjects are interrelated often times. Metaphors are one way to express the similarities observed by people with the subjects conce rned. Metaphors are strongly and often used in politics to address an idea and expression. The language is simple, often times very understandable by people. The meanings for these metaphors can greatly change over time and place, whether it may be negative or a positive attribution of the subjects. Through metaphors, words can be played creatively with meanings still discernable. The effectiveness of the metaphors can be gauged by how the meanings still remain after the attribution done with different concepts. Meanings are in people. A cohesive meaning attributed to a specific metaphor is effective in expressing in another way the concepts in politics. (2006). â€Å"metaphors.†Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved october 22, 2006, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphor. (2006). â€Å"metaphors.†Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved october 22, 2006, from http://webserve.govst.edu/users/ghrank/Political/Not-So-Great%20Expectations/metaphors.htm. Miyakoshi, R. R. a. K. (2006) Eighth Speaker: Raymond Gibbs Questions and Answer.   Volume, 1 DOI: Ritchie, L. D. (2004). â€Å"Lost in â€Å"Conceptual Space†: Metaphors of Conceptual Integration.† References: {, 2006 #2} {Graff, 2006 #5} {Kà ¶vecses, 2006 #8} {Zyngier, 2006 #9} How to cite The metaphorical language, Essay examples

Preventing Aboriginal Suicide Essays - Cognition, Neuropsychology

Preventing Aboriginal Suicide PREVENTING ABORIGINAL SUICIDE: DOES A SHIFT IN THE DOMINANT SCHOOLING PARADIGM HOLD SOME PROMISE? by R. Lloyd Ryan, PhD R. Lloyd Ryan, Ph.D. P. O. Box 1072 Lewisporte, NF Phone: 709 535 8464 email: [emailprotected] It is with growing alarm, concern and compassion that we witness the continuing (and growing?) high rate of suicide in Canada's Aboriginal community. This phenomenon has numerous far-reaching and negative implications and, up to the present, few satisfactory explanations and fewer proposed solutions. It is, thus, imperative that aspects of contemporary Aboriginal personal and community living that have not yet come under sufficient scrutiny be examined and analyzed, not for anthropological or abstract sociological purposes, but for intensely personal and life purposes. It must be realized that, sometimes, it is that which is most ubiquitous and familiar which may be most ignored, the assumption being that what is common is not significant. An example is parasites borne by the river that has fed us for generations, or heavy metals in our staple food, both contributing to chronic health problems, and both ignored because we expect severe dysfunction to have exotic and unfamiliar dress. It is, thus, proposed that the existing predominant model of schooling, in this case schooling of Aboriginal children, come under careful scrutiny. Aboriginals, like most other Canadians, have accepted, now almost without question, the principle that education is the key to a secure and happy future. This principle may be as fraught with problems as the one-time equally-accepted principle that the earth was the centre of the universe and that the sun was just one of earth's satellites. Just as it was heresy to question the geo-centric universe, it is now similar heresy to question the principle, the dogma, of the value of education. It is now being questioned! This may not be merely a questioning of the value of education (whatever it is we mean by that). Indeed, Aboriginal communities have recognized that some elements of the schooling system have potential for negative impact on life and living. Now, having taken over some control of their educational systems, they have made some significant curricular changes ... and, that is good - as far as it goes. The major aspect of the problem, however, does not necessarily rest simply with the content of the curriculum, although that is undoubtedly important, so much as with the very concept of schooling, and the concomitant and consistent concepts of the nature of learning and of the child as learner. It may be the fact that the product of the educational system may not be the expected and hoped for education. In fact, that which is actually delivered and received may be antithetical to that which is anticipated and hoped for. Rather than the schooling experience providing the hoped for emancipation, it may be providing an insidious enslavement and addiction to dysfunctional concepts of what constitutes learning, and dysfunctional perceptions of personal response to that learning. In other words, the hoped for education may not be that which is supportive of Aboriginal communities or of individual Aboriginal youth or adults. There is no doubt that one could engage in a rather extensive (and possibly stimulating) philosophical discourse about what constitutes education, without arriving at an answer that would be satisfactory, either generally, or particularly to the Aboriginal community. There is, no doubt, a great need to have that debate in the general population, as well as in the Aboriginal community. To some extent, that debate, however one-sided and unfinished, has been on-going, giving rise to a number of royal commission reports and to the growth of a whole new testing industry in Canada, for example. The solution for Aboriginal communities, and indeed for the general community, does not lie in that direction, primarily because the crucial questions have been neither asked nor answered. The major question has to be How do children learn, naturally? That is, how does a child's brain learn? How do children learn? What are the implications for schooling? What are the implications for children's developing self-concept and personal confidence and conceptualization of personal value and self-worth? Is the very model of contemporary schooling so out-of-step with natural brain functioning that it precipitates the destruction of children's self-esteem, so much so that their personal and social deterioration -